Repercussões da osteoartrite de joelho na autonomia funcional da pessoa idosa: uma revisão de literatura integrativa

Abstract

The aging of the population has led to an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, such as knee osteoarthritis. In this context, the general objective of this research was to investigate how knee osteoarthritis affects the functional autonomy of the elderly. The specific objectives included contextualizing the concept of knee osteoarthritis, enumerating the repercussions of knee osteoarthritis on the functionality of the elderly, and reporting how functionality interferes with the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis. The methodology employed consisted of an integrative literature review, using systematic methods to investigate guidelines related to the impacts of knee osteoarthritis on the autonomy and quality of life of the elderly, as well as synthesizing results and evaluating other types of studies based on scientific evidence. Studies related to the topic, from the period between 2014 and 2024, were included and researched in the LILACS, SciELO, and PUBMED databases. The results showed that knee osteoarthritis significantly affects the autonomy and quality of life of the elderly due to pain, stiffness, functional limitations, and psychosocial problems. Physiotherapeutic interventions are presented as a factor of great importance in improving the functionality and autonomy of patients. However, this scientific study provided valuable insights into how knee osteoarthritis affects the functional autonomy of the elderly, offering broader and more effective treatment strategies. Understanding the impacts of the disease on the quality of life of the elderly is essential to providing compassionate and patient-centered care, aiming to improve the well-being and functionality of this vulnerable population.