Tratamento de cisto residual de grandes dimensões em maxila: relato de caso

Abstract

Inflammatory cysts of the gnathic bones are relatively common pathological entities since they originate from infectious processes that are also very common in the Brazilian population, caries, periodontal disease and trauma. They form as an intraosseous cavity lined by epithelium originating from the epithelial remains of Malassez; they can be filled with liquid, pus, blood or gases and grow in size from osmotic differences between the interior of the cyst and the tissues around it. They are classified as cysts: periapical, lateral root (the only difference being location) and residual cyst (when the dental element that gave rise to the cyst is no longer present). They are usually asymptomatic when they are not infected, however, when they take on a large proportion of size they can bring facial asymmetry and pathological fractures. The treatment of cysts depends on some variables such as location, size, type of cyst, and conditions directly linked to the patient's health and collaboration. Thus, for large residual cysts surgical options are reserved such as marsupialization, decompression, enucleation and curettage. This work aims to report a case of a large residual cyst in the maxilla, with involvement of the maxillary sinus and to discuss which of the surgical options may be the best for the case, bringing the criteria for choosing between the techniques, the way to conduct diagnosis, options for imaging and complementary exams, histopathological and prognosis of the lesion.