O impacto da dor lombar na funcionalidade das gestantes

Abstract

Pregnancy causes various discomforts due to the physical changes that occur in the body, which can improve or worsen over time. Biomechanically, due to the increase in the abdomen and breasts, the center of gravity is shifted forward, resulting in postural changes, such as reduced arches of the feet, hyperextended knees and pelvic anteversion, all of these changes can cause discomfort and low back pain. Low back pain in the gestational period causes some harmful symptoms, which directly impact the woman's functionality, as they interfere with daily life activities and quality of life. Thus, the objective was to determine the degree of physical disability derived from low back pain in pregnant women. This is an observational study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, carried out with 37 pregnant women registered at a Health Center in São Luís-MA, through the application of two questionnaires, the first of which collected sociodemographic data and gestational information and the second directed to to the assessment of the degree of disability of pregnant women with low back pain, using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the UNDB, under opinion 6.003.034. In the present study, there was a high prevalence of painful manifestations in the lumbar region of the studied pregnant women (94,59%), and loss of functionality in 37,84% of the sample, classifying them as incapable, with a higher occurrence in pregnant women of the third quarter. One of the limiting aspects in the performance of functional capacity consisted mainly of performing activities of daily living, such as climbing stairs and walking more slowly than usual. It is concluded that the participation of the physiotherapist in the primary care network is fundamental, to enable the promotion and protection of the pregnant woman's health, aiming at preparing the woman to treat or avoid possible discomforts present during pregnancy, allowing a good functional condition for carrying out of activities of daily living.