Atuação da fisioterapia cardiovascular em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension consists of a chronic pathology, that is considered a public health problem worldwide, because it generates several impacts, such as on medical and socioeconomic costs and the quality of life of patients with this pathology, due to complications infatal and no fatal target organs, such as: heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, dementia, peripheral obstructive arterial disease, chronic kidney disease. Objective: This research has the general objective of analyzing the performance of cardiovascular physiotherapy in patients with systemic arterial hypertension. Methods: An integrative literature review was performed, performing a search for articles in electronic databases such as LILACS, BVS, SciELO, PEDro and PubMed published from January 2001 through December 2023. The Boolean operator “AND” was applied, using in several of the keywords based on the Health Sciences Descriptors (Decs) that were: “Hypertension”, “Physical Exercise”, “Cardiovascular Rehabilitation” and “Muscle Strength”. Result: Despite the reduced amount of research and the various methodologies that were found, the results pointed out the main benefits of cardiovascular rehabilitation, the methods used in the prescription of exercises for hypertensive patients and the importance of having knowledge about the antihypertensive drugs used by these patients. Conclusion: It was found that cardiovascular physiotherapy programs are effective in reducing BP, physical fitness, flexibility, strength, balance and for this patient. However, for this to occur it is importante to carry out an adequate and individualized prescription oh the exercises.