Rastreio de hipertensão arterial no período gestacional e seus fatores de risco em uma maternidade de alta complexidade em São Luís-MA

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy makes up a special period in a woman's life. The gestational period brings with it a series of physiological changes that make women more susceptible to developing certain pathologies such as Gestational Arterial Hypertension. Given this, several triggering factors for SAH are considered. Currently in Brazil, arterial hypertension is still the first cause of maternal death. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors associated with Arterial Hypertension in the gestational period in the High Complexity Maternity of Maranhão, located in São Luís - MA. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, observational field research. Analytical, quantitative, of an applied nature, approved by the CEP with opinion no 6,276,875, carried out at the High Complexity Maternity of Maranhão, in the period from September to October 2023. We analyzed 60 medical records of pregnant women linked to the unit who presented a diagnosis for Arterial Hypertension, in which only 24 presented the inclusion criteria. For data collection and analysis, a sociodemographic form developed by the researcher was applied, contemplating five sections (sociological profile, obstetric and clinical history, family history, life habits and risk factors). Data analysis occurred through the Statistics Free Trial (SPSS-version 21), considering a significance of 5% (p<0.05). Results: The results obtained indicated that there was a higher prevalence of previous arterial hypertension in the pregnant women studied, and the possible risk factors associated with arterial hypertension were multiparity, level of education, race, obesity, inadequate nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, cesarean section and family history. Conclusion: It is concluded that the data presented on Arterial Hypertension in Pregnancy showed low prevalence and the risk factors demonstrated indicate that they are in accordance with those described in the literature.