Análise da prevalência de sintomas e declínio do desempenho esportivo em atletas de voleibol adultos: avaliados pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos e questionário nórdico de sintomas osteomusculares

Abstract

The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms can lead to a decline in sports performance in adult volleyball athletes, due to the fact that it is a high-impact sport that overloads the joints and has a high rate of musculoskeletal injuries. Therefore, it is necessary to assess how much of the athlete's functional capacity is compromised due to symptoms related to sports practice. Physiotherapy uses several tests that can identify how compromised the athlete's performance is, one of them is the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), which assesses functional capacity, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQ), which can score all the symptoms reported by athletes due to sports practice. These two instruments were used in the present study to analyze the prevalence of symptoms and the decline in sports performance in adult volleyball athletes, using the 6MWT and the NMSQ. This is a cross-sectional, qualitative field research, carried out with 40 athletes from Centro Esportivo Fênix Ltda. Data collection included the 6MWT, QNSO and the sociodemographic questionnaire, which mainly included gender, education, age and time of practice. The results showed that 95% (n = 38) of the participants had some type of symptom related to sports practice, in addition, the main segments pointed out by them were, respectively, knees (74.1%), shoulders (57.1%) and lumbar spine (54.8%), in the 6MWT 70% of the sample was below the normal limit, an average of 496.01 distance covered was obtained, which is a relatively negative indicator for this audience. The sample was divided into two groups, one with participants who reported complaints and the other with those who did not. It can be observed through the Mann-Whitney test (p = 0.04) that the first covered a shorter distance and through Spearman's correlation (p = -0.04; p = 0.0152), it was proven that the greater the number of symptoms, the lower the athlete's functional performance tends to be.