Versatilidade dos mini-implantes intra alveolares na terapia ortodôntica: revisão de literatura. /

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment is performed by forces and movements that are induced through orthodontic appliances, which in many cases require an anchorage device that is essential for certain treatments because it prevents side effects. The anchorage is classified according to its degree, which can be: minimum, moderate or absolute anchorage. Conventional devices used in orthodontics, such as: palatal bar, extra-oral appliance (EOA), lip bumper (LP), Nance button, among others, are devices that use minimal or moderate anchorage, whereas mini-implants (MI) and mini-plates (MP) allow the application of asymmetric forces with absolute anchoring, having the reaction forces absorbed through the skeletal structures, which allows the expected therapeutic movements, so the present work aims to present the relevance of MI in orthodontic treatment and its characteristics, as well as the indications and contraindications of this device.The present work is an integrative literature review carried out based on previous research on the relevance of MI, using descriptive research and with a qualitative focus. For this purpose, articles from 2010 to 2019 and articles that have a certain relevance to the topic were used, taken from the virtual libraries Medline, Scielo, Bvsalude, Lilacs, Scholar and Pubmed, using the following keywords "miniimplant", "orthodontics", "strength", "movements" and "anchorage". The MI is one of the anchorage devices most commonly used by dental surgeons because it has features like easy installation, possibility of immediate loading, mechanical retention (not requiring osseointegration), which allows a simple and minimally invasive installation and is considered as one of the devices with better anchoring and installation, compared to other devices, having their installation through a less invasive surgical act.