Lesões cervicais não cariosas: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are characterized by the loss of mineralized tissue in the cervical portion of the tooth, of multifactorial origin, unrelated to bacterial action. This condition can generate aesthetic problems and discomfort in the individual due to dentin hypersensitivity (DH) that commonly develops in this region. Biocorrosion, abrasion and tooth abfraction are the main mechanisms that induce wear at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), which can act separately or together. The differential diagnosis of the three pathologies must be made as early as possible, and it is difficult to dissociate them due to the frequent synergistic action of the etiological factors. Thus, the aim of this study is to approach about NCCLs, highlighting the clinical characteristics, etiology, dentin hypersensitivity, differential diagnosis, prevalence and therapeutic approach. For this, a literature search was carried out in Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo and Academic Google databases, using, in English and Portuguese, the following descriptors: "Tooth Abrasion", "Tooth Erosion", "Diagnosis" and "Therapeutics ”. Through the literature review and discussion of the theme, it is understood that an accurate clinical history and a thorough oral examination are important steps to identify aspects related to the development of this pathology. In addition, clinical intervention in the face of structural loss implies the control of etiological factors such as: dietary, behavioral and pathological factors, associated with preventive and therapeutic measures to reinforce the dental structure.