Babaçu livre: entre o racismo ambiental e a proteção ao modo de vida das quebradeiras de coco babaçu

Abstract

The intense political and organizational mobilizations of the babassu breaker women as well as their differentiated relationships with nature mark their collective identity, in view of the struggle for the elaboration of legal instruments that protect their ways of life in the face of their invisibility by the Brazilian legal system. These normative instruments emanating from the breaker known as Laws of Free Babassu become essential in view of the constant violation of the breakers' rights, either through farmers and their representatives, or by large companies, which limit their traditionally occupied territories and represent great threatens the life and identity of breakers. In this sense, this monograph will carry out an analysis of the legal system, of certain Laws and Draft Laws of Free Babassu at the federal, state and municipal levels, as well as examining the State's responses to the violence suffered by coconut breakers from the examination of violence against breakers that occurred especially in the Tocantina and Baixada Maranhense regions, in the State of Maranhão, as a way of understanding whether the Brazilian legal system recognizes babassu breaker women as a collective subject of rights and guarantees them protection of their way of life. That said, bibliographic-documental research as well as explanatory-exploratory research is used, in view of the instruments used to create the research, as well as the description of the traditional babassu breaker women community and interviews with babassu breaker women. In addition, the deductive method was used, starting from a general perspective to understand a more specific one. Thus, it is concluded that the Laws of Free Babassu as well as other normative devices present in the Brazilian legal system recognize babassu breaker women as a collective subject of rights, however, there is an ineffectiveness of the rules in view of the environmental racism present in responses from the State that are adverse to the protection of the babassu breaker women ways of life.