Manipulação genética e a neoeugenia: o papel da bioética e do biodíreito nas pesquisas científicas na área da genética

Abstract

The present paper aims to analyse neoeugeny, considering the advances in the area of genetic manipulation. For this, it is going to discuss the emergence of eugenics and how it has spread throughout the world as a scientific discourse. Thus, it will be observed how a knowledge considered "mathematical" was embraced by economic elites, leading countries to prohibit the proliferation of social undesirables in order to avoid the increase of characteristics considered inferior, differentiating the division of positive and negative eugenics and mentioning how such practices were absorbed by Brazil. Subsequently, is going to analyse the Human Genome Project, which led to the discovery of the technique of genetic manipulation, CRISP/Cas9, that according to scientists, has a high potential for application in therapeutic medicines, though at the same time can be used for genetic engineering, causing several discussions about the limits of the use of such a method. In conclusion, it will be shown the fundamental role of Bioethics and Biodirect as tools to prevent the development of science from being harmful to humans. A reflection on biotechnology and its influence on human life has been carried out from the bibliographic research on the subject.