Benefícios funcionais da toxina botulínica-A associado a fisioterapia em crianças com paralisia cerebral espástica: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Spastic cerebral palsy is a non-progressive motor disorder that causes severe functional impairment. In which physiotherapy associated with Botulinum Toxin-A (TBA) can be effective in increasing functionality by reducing spasticity. The aim of this study was to describe the functional benefits of the association between TBA and physiotherapy in children with spastic cerebral palsy. This is an integrative review of the literature, with a search in the databases: SciELO, PubMed and BVS with a publication period between 2019 and 2024, with 224 articles being collected and 215 excluded after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving only 9 articles to address the problem issue of the present study. The results found indicate that combined therapies provide increased functionality in the lower limbs and upper limbs in children with CP in its wide range of severity (GMFCS I-IV), such as a positive change of 1 point in the GMFCS in the long term, increase in manual skills , gross motor function, mobility, balance and ankle control, increased gait speed and quality of steps in the short and long term. Therefore, the functional benefits are proportional to the severity of the CP, as well as adherence to treatment. It was concluded that the use of Botulinum Toxin-A is an important adjuvant to physiotherapeutic rehabilitation in children with spastic CP in its various presentations, providing an increase in functionality, independence and autonomy. It is added that it is of notable relevance that research is carried out in order to clarify the long-term effects of TBA on the muscle.