Prevalência de dor e lesões musculoesqueléticas em dançarinos de São Luís, Maranhão: uma pesquisa epidemiológica

Abstract

Dance is appreciated as an artistic form of expression that transcends linguistic and cultural barriers. Over the years, dance has flourished in a wide range of styles, embracing various modalities. It has been highlighted that the execution of movements and steps in sequence within a dance modality has a significant impact on the individual's body functionality. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of pain and musculoskeletal injuries among dancers in São Luís, Maranhão. Specifically, it sought to demonstrate dance as a physical activity that can lead to pain and injuries among dancers, identify through the sample the factors that influence the occurrence of pain and musculoskeletal injuries, and finally, correlate the prevalence of pain and injuries with identified risk factors. This is a field research, observational, cross-sectional, and quantitative in nature, approved by the CEP under opinion number: 6.968.341. It was conducted with 50 dancers through a sociodemographic questionnaire that characterized the sample and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire. Prevalence was calculated using the value of the total population and the sample, the data was then tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed in this software with the aid of BioEstat version 5.0. A bivariate analysis with a 5% significance level was subsequently performed. The results showed that 73.34% of the sample reported pain and 46.67% had experienced an injury, with significant correlations found between sociodemographic variables and pain occurrence, particularly in female dancers and those practicing for more than six years. However, no significant correlations were observed regarding injury occurrence. Finally, the importance of preventive strategies, safety policies, warm-up protocols, and muscle strengthening is noted to reduce pain and, consequently, injuries. Additionally, it suggests that further studies on the same topic be conducted with a larger participant sample and over a longer period of time.