Expansão cirúrgica da maxila: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Correction of transverse maxillary deficiency can be done during the patient's growth phase, considering the degree of skeletal maturation. Initially, age guides the choice of treatment to be performed, as the closure of the Midpalatal Suture (SPM) is analyzed. Thus, for adult patients with maturation of the midpalatal suture, the treatment can be performed by two techniques, the surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (ERM-AC), through the multisegmented maxillary osteotomy. Therefore, the present work aims to present the main differences between surgical techniques for maxillary expansion, specification as specifications of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion and itslimitations, analysis of the use of HAAS and HYRAX and their applicability according to individuality of the cases, in addition to analysis of the points of performance of osteotomies in the ERM-AC and in the Multisegmented Maxilla Osteotomy, their indications and limitations. The work was carried out in the Lilacs, Pubmed, Scholar, Bvs, Scielo databases between 2011 and 2021, on surgical techniques for maxillary expansion, in which the largest studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. It is possible to conclude that an ERM-AC isless complex to perform, and may occur in an outpatient setting, with a possibility of using local anesthetics. Indicated when the patient has isolated transverse maxillary deficiency, with a discrepancy of up to 5 mm and greater involvement in the anterior region. Segmental Le Fort I osteotomy can be performed in two, three or four segments, it is indicated for transverse maxillary deficiency associated with deficiency in other planes, with maxillary discrepancy of up to 7 mm and with greater involvement of the posterior region.