Análise da capacidade funcional de idosos institucionalizados: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is an inherent stage in human life that is not limited only to the advance of the chronological age, but to a set of changes, therefore, it is natural that during the process there may be implications for functional capacity, sometimes accentuated by institutionalization, making them dependent on instrumental functions or even for basic and essential activities. General Objective: To analyze the results described in the literature on the functional impairment of the elderly in a situation of institutionalization. Methods: This is a systematic review, with a qualitative approach and descriptive character, carried out from studies arranged in the LILACS, PUBMED and SCIELO databases in the period from 2012 to 2022. Results: 13 articles were found in the databases, thus, in most studies the institutionalized elderly were dependent for the ADLs and the IADLs. As for the comparison between the articles, the most recent studies have shown functional independence for BADL's among the majority of institutionalized elderly, while the oldest most of them observed a higher index of dependence for BADL's. With regard to the analysis of IADLs, all studies demonstrated in their results a predominance of instrumental dependence. To evaluate the ABVDs, the studies used the Katz, Barthel and MIF scales, while for the evaluation of IADLs the Lawton scale was used. Conclusion: The elderly in a situation of institutionalization have, for the most part, impaired functional capacity, being dependent for both ABVD's and AIVD's.