Regularização fundiária urbana no Maranhão: desafios e resistências na proteção de direitos fundamentais

Abstract

The lack of regularization leads to problems such as legal uncertainty, precarious housing conditions, lack of access to essential public services, increased violence and environmental degradation. In Maranhão, the predominance of low-income land occupants intensifies these problems, exacerbated by the lack of education and resistance to the formal regularization process due to the lack of interest on the part of public authorities. The general objective aims to deeply analyze the challenges faced by Urban Land Regularization (REURB) and its impacts on social inclusion, improving housing conditions, access to public services and reducing social exclusion. The specific objectives include an in-depth study of the socioeconomic context of Maranhão, identifying specificities and unique challenges; a survey of the challenges faced by Maranhão society in relation to REURB; and the exploration of good practices observed in other states and international contexts. The methodology adopts a hypothetical-deductive approach, using a bibliographic survey to understand social experiences and the normative interaction of urban land regularization with census data. The main results indicate that the greatest difficulties faced by Maranhão society in land regularization are related to the lack of basic infrastructure and the complexity of bureaucratic processes. It is concluded that, despite the complexity and challenges, urban land regularization can bring significant benefits to society, contributing to socioeconomic development and the promotion of social inclusion in urban areas.